Improvement in means for making gement pipes



No. 38,695. 4 PATENTED MAY 26, 1863.

I v11S. OGDBN. Y MEANS FOR MAKING CEMENT PIPES, 5o.

UNITED STATES PATENT UEEICE.

DAVIDv s. oGDEN, or NEW YonK, N. Y. r

A IMPROVEMENT IN MEANSFOR MAKING GEMENTPIPES, ee.

Specification forming partof Letters Patent No. 38,695, dated May 26, 1863; antedated February 23, 1863.

To all whom. 'it may concern Be it known that I, DAVID S. OGDEN, of the city and State of New York, have invented, made, and applied to use a certain new and useful Improvement in Means for Making Cement Pipes, Ste.; and I do hereby declare that the following ris a full, clear, and exact description of the said invention, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making part of this specification, wherein-'- Figure 1 is a side elevation. Fig. 2 is a see- -tion at the line a: m. Fig. 3 is a plan with the top hopper-plate removed, and Fig. 4 is a detached plan of said hopper-plate. Fig. 5 is a plan of some of the plates forming the mold detached, and Fig. 6 is an elevation and plan of one of the cement pipes.

Similar marks of reference denote the same parts.

Pipes have heretofore been formed of cement and clay for drains, and various kinds of machinery have been employed in vtheir manufacture. The molds have been placed side by side, containing cores, and the clay or cement have been packed in with tamping-bars, and then the cores withdrawn and the molds separated. This operation, however, is tedious andcostly, and the pipe that is made is apt to be more or less porous, nothav-ing received suffieient pressure.

The nature of my said invention consistsiu a series of molds formed by plates in an an gular or zigzag shape, that when placed together make a series of hexagonal molds contiguous to each other, similar to the'cells of a honeycomb. By this means the pipes are pressed in a small compass, and are easily removed from the molds by separati-ng the said plates. I also employ cores that are forced in the molds after they are filled. with cement, cla-y, or other material, and said cores are formed with a taper that produces a suflieient compression'in the plastic mass to thoroughly consolidate the same, and to produce a compression on the material. Nea-r the ends I employ a perforated vhopper-plate, that .also acts to hold the molds down to their place while the pipe is being made.

In the drawings, c is asuitable, platen connected by the tie rods b to the upper bed-plate, c. d d d d are right and left hand serewsat tached tothe follower c and j'fff are nuts to said screws,'formed each with a wheel and petent power applied to the crank c orother device, so'that by the rotation of said shaft h, and the nuts f, the screws datand-follower e are raised or lowered bodily with great accuracy, and any desired amount of power can be obtained to move said follower e. Upon the follower e a plate, k, is attached, to which are eennected by suitable means vthe-cores o o, that are placed at uniform distances apart, as seen responding openings in the plate l, vthat is on the upper bed, c. v The upper ends of these cores are tapered. and do not come to 'a sharp apex, but form a truncated cone.

form my molds. These'plates are angular or matie cells are formed, as seen in Fig. 3. These plates m fm are held together by tie-rods n n, extending from the cross-pieces p p at the respective ends ofthe molds, and said tie-rods should be provided with nuts to bind the plates m together more firmly. The plates upon the bed lbyl steady-pins or other means that the axis of the coreso o coincide with .the

molds.

q is the hopper-plate, formed with sides 1 1, and held down upon the mold by the crossbars s s and slings r r, that are united at'2 2 by a bolt to the bed-plate c, and, if necessary, tie rods or straps might extend from these points 2 2 down to the platen a.. The nuts 3 3 upon the-ends of the slings w are employed to adj ust the pressure of the bars s s upon the hopper-plate q and molds fm m. Studs et from springing. This plate g is perforated with holes corresponding in size, or nearly so, with the-cores o o, and in such position as to receive the ends of said cores when they are raised up, as in Fig..2.

The operation of this machine isv as follows: The molds are to be put together and held firmly by the tie-rods n n and placed on the bed-plate l, the cores o o being depressed, as shown in Fig. 1. The molds are then to be teeth acted upon by the screw-pinions g' g on the shaft h, which shaft is rotated by comin Fig. 3, and said cores rise up through corl m m are the plates, that when set together ,i

zigzag, so that4 when placed together' 'pris-- forming the molds are so formed and held Aaxis of the prismatic openings or cells of the 4 may be employed on the plate q to take bei neath said cross-bars s s to keep the pla-te The plate q is .then to be put on and held down.-

by the straps r r and cross-bars s s.` The follower e is then raised by the revolutionof the nuts. f f f f, forcing the cores o o up through the clay or cement in the molds and forming the bore of the pipes. The taperingends at the sametime produce a compression in the plastic material that insures the required solidity. The hopper-plate q holds down the plastic mass, and the compression produced by the tapering ends of the cores thoroughly fills all parts of the mold, and the cores passing up through the openings in said hopper plate q insures a perfect finish to the upper ends of the pipes. Any surplus material is carried out with the cores as they ascend and lodged in this hopper-plate q. r

I have found practically that the shape of the end of the cores must ybe regulated according to the amount of compression required in the .plastic mass and the relative size of the core andthickness of pipe. If the corescome to a sharp conical point, too much pressure will generally be produced in the plastic mass, and the molds be liable to injury. .It said cores are too blunt at the ends, too much material will be carried out of the molds and too little pressure obtained. VIn cases where large pipes arebeing made the core should be longer, so that the plastic mass may run around the upper part of said cores, but this lupper partk should be of less diameter than the core itself,

with an inclination or taper between the two diameters, whereby the compression will be produced by said inclined part acting as the core rises. After the pipes have been pressed the cores are to be drawn down, the hopperplate q removed by turning aside the slings r r, (see dotted lines, Fig. 1,) the edges of the said hopper plate being inclined or cam.- shaped, as at 5 5, to allow this to be done easily. The molds are to be removed in a mass and another set of empty molds substituted and the operations repeated as before. When the pipes are sufficiently dry or set, the molds are to be taken apart and the pipes successfully removed and allowed to harden and dry in any usual manner. The pipes thus p1'oduced`are of a hexagonal prismatic form; hence they will pack together closely fortransportatiou. The cores might be prismatic, or the molds might be formed as semicircles in the respective plates m to make round pipes. A

The ends of the pipes may be finished oft' square, as shown, to set against eachother, or they may be formed with conical ends by means of rings introduced 'in the molds around the cores on the plate l and at the 'under side of the hopper-plate q. In cases where hubs are to be formed on the pipes, so that one may slip int'o the other, the rmolds are to be of a form adapted thereto, and the recess at the end of the pipe within the hub may be formed by a cylinder ou the plate l around the cores o o or on the under side of t-he hopper plate q, the mold being adapted to form the exterior shape. plastic mass is apt to force out considerable y'water and ne cement or clay, and this may be received in ay trough around the follower e,

'as at 6,and conveyed away by a pipe. j

In order to remove any concretion of cement that may aceumula'tebetween the base of the I cores o 0, I introduce a sheet, 7, that is formed of indiarubber or other suitable material and perforated to pass said cores. By lifting this sheet 7 0E when the plate l has been removed or the cores sufficiently lowered, the cement or other matter that may have accumulated is easily cleaned out entil'elyn The plates hand L may be removed 'and otherssubstituted, with cores adapted to differ,- ent sizes of pipes.- Y-

With some kinds of material it is necessary to seep the lmass in a conlined state until partially dry or set. To effect 'this I employ a thin metallic tube, a, upon each core, as seen in Fig. 7, and this tube is left in the pipe as the core descends, and to support the lower lend of the pipe I employ a' sheet of meta-l, w, Fig. 7, similar to the sheet .7, that lifts oft' withthe molds and pipes, vand hence each pipe -will be kept in the proper Ashape until partially dry or set, after which the tubes are p drawn out and the molds separated.v A number ot' these thin Imetal tubes u are to be provided, so as .to be placed upon the cores previons vto each operation;

The molds .m may be of cast-iron, and will not require any nishing if plates of sheetiron or other metal are employed as a lining for said plates m, as seen at o 'u in Fig. 5, and the cast metal plates may be removed before the cement sets, which will allow the pipes to set or partially dry in the sheet-metal molds.

What I claim, and desire to `secure by Letters Patent, is-

l1. A series of hexagonal molds formed by in the manner specified, so that the molds can be taken apart with facility for the removal of.

the pipe, as set forth.

2. A core set and moving on the line of the center of the mold for perforating the cement or material contained in said molds and forming pipe, as set forth.

8. A core provided with a taper or conical end to compress the material in the mold, in the manner set forth, as said core is forced through the mold, as and for the purposes specified.

4. A perforated hopper-plate, q, in combination with the molds m and cores o o, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

5. The movable tubes fu, u on the cores o o, as and for the purposes specified.

6. The movable sheet-metal lining c o, in combination with the molds m m, for thepur poses and as set forth.

rlfhe compression of the 7. The movable sheet w, of 'metal or other y material, in combination with the molds mm,

as and for the purposes set forth.

8. The movable sheet; 7, of rubber or other suitable materia-l, applied at the base of the cores o o, for the purposes and as speeied.

. 9. The arrangement of the screws d d d d, nuts f f f f, and screw-pinions g g on the shaft h, in combination with the follower e and cores a o o, as and for the purposes set forth.

10. The slings r 1' and eross -bars s s, in con-..- bination with the hopper-plate q and molds m m, as and for the purposes speeied.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my signature this 4th day of August, 1862.

DAVID S. OGDEN.

Witnesses:

` LEMUEL W. SERRELL,

CHAs. H. SMITH. 

